March 1st

March 1, 1872 – Yellowstone National Park is established

March 1, 1873 – Production of the first typewriter begins.

March 1, 1873 – Henry Comstock discovers the Comstock Lode.

March 1, 1896 – Henri Becquerel discovers radioactivity. The French physicist made his groundbreaking discovery while trying to prove his erroneous theory that phosphorescent uranium salts absorb sunlight and reemit it as X-rays.

March 1, 1912 – The first parachute jump is made from a moving airplane.

March 1, 1932 – The son of Charles Lindbergh, Charles Augustus Lindbergh III, is kidnapped.

March 1, 1936 – Hoover Dam is completed.

March 1,1947 – The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is formed. The IMF’s primary goal of improving the economies of its member countries has frequently been overshadowed in the past by criticisms about the fund’s alleged support of dictatorships and negative impact on the environment.

March 1, 1995 – Internet giant Yahoo! is incorporated. The company was founded in January 1994 as Jerry’s guide to the World Wide Web by Jerry Yang and David Filo.

March 1, 1961 – President John F. Kennedy established the Peace Corps, an organization sending young American volunteers to developing countries to assist with health care, education and other basic human needs.

March 1, 1974 – Seven former high-ranking officials of the Nixon White House were indicted for conspiring to obstruct the investigation into the Watergate break-in. Among those indicted; former chief of staff H.R. Haldeman, former top aide John Ehrlichman, and former attorney general John Mitchell.

March 1, 1975 – Colour television transmissions begin in Australia.
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March 2nd

March 2, 1791 –  Long-distance communication speeds up with the unveiling of a semaphore machine in Paris

March 2, 1807  – US Congress bans the slave trade within the US, effective January 1, 1808

March 2, 1855 – Alexander II becomes Tsar of Russia.

March 2, 1899 – Mount Rainier National Park is established.

March 2, 1933 – The movie King Kong premieres in New York City.

March 2, 1946 – Ho Chi Minh is elected the President of North Vietnam.

March 2, 1949 – First non-stop around the world airplane flight.

March 2, 1965 –  One of the most popular musical films of all time, “The Sound of Music”, starring Julie Andrews and Christopher Plummer, premieres (Academy Awards Best Picture – 1966)

March 2, 1970 – Rhodesia declares itself an independent republic. By severing the country’s ties with the United Kingdom, white Prime Minister Ian Smith attempted to prevent the institution of black majority rule.

March 2, 1995 – The top quark is discovered. The existence of this elementary particle, the bottom quark’s counterpart, had been presumed since the 1970’s.

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March 3rd

March 3, 1703 – Robert Hooke (English scientist)died

March 3, 1791 – The United States Mint is created by the U.S. Congress.

March 3, 1857 –  Second Opium War: France and the United Kingdom declare war on China

March 3, 1875 – The first ever organized indoor game of ice hockey was played.

March 3, 1887 –  Anne Sullivan begins teaching 6-year-old blind-deaf Helen Keller

March 3, 1913 – A women’s suffrage march in Washington D.C. was attacked by angry onlookers while police stood by. The march occurred the day before Woodrow Wilson’s inauguration. Many of the 5,000 women participating were spat upon and struck in the face as a near riot ensued. Secretary of War Henry Stimson then ordered soldiers from Fort Myer to restore order.

March 3, 1923 – TIME magazine is published for the first time.

March 3, 1924 – The last remnant of the Ottoman empire in Turkey is abolished. The end of the Islamic caliphate marked the demise of the 600-year old empire and gave way to the formation of a reformed Turkey under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.

March 3, 1931 – The Star Spangled Banner becomes the US National Anthem.

March 3, 1933 – Mount Rushmore National Memorial is dedicated.

March 3, 1938 – The world’s fastest steam locomotive is built. The Mallard could reach a speed of over 100 miles per hour (160 km/h).

March 3, 1938 – Oil is discovered in Saudi Arabia.

March 3, 1939 – Mohandas Gandhi begins to fast in protest of the autocratic rule in India.

March 3, 1974 – All 345 people on board a Turkish Airlines jet die as it plunges to the ground near Paris, France. The crash of the DC-10 aircraft has the 4th highest death toll of any aviation accident in history.

March 3, 1985 – The U.K. miners’ strike ends. The year-long dispute was the country’s longest-running industrial dispute and a defining issue of Margaret Thatcher’s Conservative government.

March 3, 1991 – Footage of Los Angeles police officers severely beating Rodney King causes a global outcry. The acquittal of the police officers involved sparked the Los Angeles riots in 1992.

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March 4th

March 4, 1681 – King Charles II of England granted a huge tract of land in the New World to William Penn to settle an outstanding debt. The area later became Pennsylvania.

March 4, 1789 – The first meeting of the new Congress under the new U.S. Constitution took place in New York City.

March 4, 1801 –  Thomas Jefferson is the first US President to be inaugurated in Washington, D.C.

March 4, 1830 – Former President John Quincy Adams returned to Congress as a representative from Massachusetts. He was the first ex-president ever to return to the House and served eight consecutive terms.

March 4, 1861 –  Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated as the 16th US President

March 4, 1877 – The microphone is invented by Emile Berliner.

March 4, 1902 –  American Automobile Association (AAA) founded in Chicago

March 4, 1933 – Newly elected President Franklin D. Roosevelt took office and delivered his first inaugural address attempting to restore public confidence during the Great Depression, stating, “Let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself…” His cabinet appointments included the first woman to a Cabinet post, Secretary of Labor, Frances Perkins.

March 4, 2007 – The world’s first national internet election is held. Estonia was the first country to allow its citizens to vote in a parliamentary election through the world wide web.

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March 5th

March 5, 1616 – Nicolaus Copernicus’ revolutionary book “De revolutionibus orbium coelestium” is banned by the Catholic Church. In the book, Copernicus claimed that the Earth revolves around the sun. The Church maintained Ptolemy’s geocentric system. The book is considered a milestone in the history of astronomy.

March 5, 1770 – The Boston Massacre occurred as a group of rowdy Americans harassed British soldiers who then opened fire, killing five and injuring six. The first man killed was Crispus Attucks, an African American. British Captain Thomas Preston and eight of his men were arrested and charged with murder. Their trial took place in October, with colonial lawyer John Adams defending the British. Captain Preston and six of his men were acquitted. Two others were found guilty of manslaughter, branded, then released.

March 5, 1853 –  Piano company Steinway & Sons founded by Heinrich Steinweg (later Henry Steinway) in New York City

March 5, 1868 – The U.S. Senate convened as a court to hear charges against President Andrew Johnson during impeachment proceedings. The House of Representatives had already voted to impeach the President. The vote followed bitter opposition by the Radical Republicans in Congress to Johnson’s reconstruction policies in the South. However, the effort to remove him failed in the Senate by just one vote and he remained in office.

March 5,1872 – The air brake is patented by George Westinghouse.

March 5, 1933 – Amid a steadily worsening economic situation, newly elected President Franklin D. Roosevelt proclaimed a four-day “Bank Holiday” to stop panic withdrawals by the public and the possible collapse of the American banking system.

March 5, 1946 – The “Iron Curtain” speech was delivered by Winston Churchill at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri. Churchill used the term to describe the boundary in Europe between free countries of the West and nations of Eastern Europe under Soviet Russia’s control.

March 5, 1953 – Joseph Stalin (Soviet marshal, politician, 4th Premier of the Soviet Union)died

March 5, 1960 – Elvis Presley gets out of the army.

March 5, 1960 – Alberto Korda takes his famous picture of revolutionary Che Guevara. The iconic photograph, called Guerrillero Heroico, was taken at a memorial service for the victims of the La Coubre explosion.

March 5, 1963 – Patsy Cline (American singer-songwriter, pianist)died

March 5,1970 – The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty enters into force. Nuclear powers China, Russia, U.S., U.K., and France initiated the treaty in 1968. It has since been ratified by 190 nations around the world.

March 5, 1981 – The home computer ZX81 is launched. The British ZX81 was one of the world’s first home computer and was sold over 1.5 million times.

March 5, 1982 – John Belushi, of SNL fame, died.

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March 6th

March 6,1479 –  Treaty of Alcaçovas: Portugal gives the Canary Islands to Castile in exchange for claims in West Africa

March 6, 1836 – Fort Alamo fell to Mexican troops led by General Santa Anna. The Mexicans had begun the siege of the Texas fort on February 23rd, ending it with the killing of the last defender. “Remember the Alamo” became a rallying cry for Texans who went on to defeat Santa Anna in the Battle of San Jacinto in April. After 13 days of fighting 1,500-3,000 Mexican soldiers overwhelm the Texan defenders, killing 182-257 Texans including William Travis, Jim Bowie and Davy Crockett

March 6,1842 – Constanze Mozart (German wife of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart)died

March 6,1857 –  Dred Scott Decision: US Supreme Court rules Africans cannot be US citizens

March 6,1869 –  Dmitri Mendeleev presents the first periodic table of the elements to the Russian Chemical Society

March 6, 1899 –  “Aspirin” (acetylsalicylic acid) is patented by Felix Hoffmann at German company Bayer.

March 6, 1900 – Gottlieb Daimler (German engineer, businessman, co-founded Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft)died

March 6, 1981 –  Walter Cronkite signs off as anchorman of “CBS Evening News”

March 6, 1967 – Stalin’s daughter defects to the West. The Soviet dictator’s daughter, Svetlana Alliluyeva, caused an international uproar when she approached the United States embassy in New Delhi and later became a naturalized U.S. citizen.

March 6,1986 – Georgia O’Keeffe (American painter)died

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March 7th

March 7, 1530 –  English King Henry VIII’s divorce request is denied by Pope Clement VII

March 7, 1900 – The SS Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse becomes the first ship to send wireless signals to shore. The German transatlantic liner was fitted with wireless communication by its owner, Norddeutscher Lloyd, in order to outdo its rival Hamburg America Line.

March 7, 1917 –  1st jazz record released on a 78 by Original Dixieland Jass Band for the Victor Talking Machine Company (“Dixie Jazz Band One Step,” one side “Livery Stable Blues” other)

March 7, 1926 – The first two-way transatlantic telephone takes place. The conversation between the post office in London and Bell Laboratories in New York was established using a short-wave radio signal.

March 7, 1936 – German dictator Adolf Hitler breaks the Treaty of Versailles by sending troops into the then demilitarized Rhineland

March 7, 1983 – First broadcast of The Nashville Network (TNN)

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March 8th

March 8, 1817 – The New York Stock Exchange is founded. The NYSE at 11 Wall Street in New York City is the world’s largest stock exchange.

March 8,1884 – Susan B. Anthony asks Congress for an amendment allowing women the right to vote.

March 8, 1930 – William Howard Taft (American politician, 27th President of the United States) dies

March 8, 1936 – The first stock car race is held in Daytona Beach, Florida.

March 8, 1950 – The Soviet Union first claims to have an atomic bomb.

March 8, 1971 – In the Fight of the Century, Joe Frazier triumphs over Muhammad Ali. Ali had been stripped of his World Heavyweight Champion title in March 8,1967 for refusing to serve in the armed forces. As he was still undefeated, Frazier had to beat him to be recognized as the world champion.

March 8, 1972 – First flight of the Goodyear blimp.

March 8, 1978 – The first episode of the radio comedy “The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy” is broadcast. Douglas Adams’ radio play was a major success with BBC Radio 4 listeners. The book version consisting of five novels – A Trilogy in Five Parts – became a worldwide success.

March 8, 1979 – The compact disc is presented to the public. The CD was developed by Philips and Sony. The companies later collaborated to produce a standard format and CD players.

March 8, 2004 – A new constitution is signed by Iraq’s Governing Council.

March 8, 1999 – Joe DiMaggio (American baseball player) dies

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March 9th

March 9, 1522 –  Martin Luther begins preaching his “Invocavit Sermons” in the German city of Wittenberg, reminding citizens to trust God’s word rather than violence and thus helping bring to a close the revolutionary stage of the Reformation

March 9, 1776 –  Adam Smith publishes the influential economics book “The Wealth of Nations”

March 9, 1864 – Ulysses S. Grant was commissioned as a Lieutenant General and became commander of the Union armies.

March 9,1908 –  Italian football club Inter Milan founded as Foot-Ball Club Internazionale

March 9, 1918 – Russian Bolshevik Party becomes the Communist Party

March 9, 1931 – The electron microscope is invented. German physicist Ernst Ruska is credited with the invention of the microscope. His first instrument allowed a resolution of 50 nanometers (billionths of a meter).

March 9, 1933 – US Congress is called into special session by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, beginning its “100 days” in which it passes 77 laws

March 9, 1935 – The cartoon character Porky Pig first appears in “I Haven’t Got a Hat”.

March 9, 1957 – Aleutian Islands register a 9.1 magnitude earthquake.

March 9, 1959 – The first Barbie doll debuts.

March 9, 1961 – Ivan Ivanovich, a human dummy, travels into space. On its test flight on board the Soviet spacecraft Korabl-Sputnik 4 (also known as Sputnik 9), the mannequin was accompanied by a dog, reptiles, mice, and guinea pigs.

March 9, 1964 – The first Ford Mustang is built

March 9, 1976 – The deadliest cable car accident in history occurs in Italy. 43 people died when the cable car plunged 160 ft (50 meters) to the March 9,ground after the steel cable had snapped. 14-year-old Alessandra Piovesana was the only survivor.

March 9, 1981 –  Dan Rather becomes primary anchorman of CBS-TV News

March 9, 1987 – U2 releases the album “The Joshua Tree”.

March 9, 1996 – George Burns (American actor) dies

March 9, 1997 – The Notorious B.I.G. (American rapper)dies

March 9, 2011 – Space Shuttle Discovery completes its final mission. The shuttle touched down at Kennedy Space Center in Florida after its journey to the International Space Station (ISS).

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March 10th

March 10, 1880 – The Salvation Army was founded in the United States. The social service organization was first founded in England by William Booth and operates today in 90 countries.

March 10, 1862 – The first issue of U.S. government paper money occurred as $5, $10 and $20 bills began circulation.

March 10, 1876 – Alexander Graham Bell makes the first successful telephone call.

March 10, 1913 – Harriet Tubman (American nurse, activist)dies

March 10, 1920 – Home Rule Act passed by the British Parliament, dividing Ireland into two parts; it is rejected by the southern counties, where the Ango-Irish war continues for a year

March 10, 1945 –  Deadliest air raid of World War II sets Tokyo on fire after night time B-29 bombings, more than 100,000 people die, mostly civilians

March 10, 1959 – A revolt erupts in Lhasa, sparking the Tibetan uprising. Fearing the Dalai Lama’s abduction by China, 300,000 Tibetans surrounded his palace.

March 10, 1997  – “Buffy the Vampire Slayer” created by Joss Whedon and starring Sarah Michelle Geller premieres on WB Television Network

March 10, 2000 –  NASDAQ Composite stock market index peaks at 5132.52, signaling the beginning of the end of the dot-com boom

March 10, 2015 –  The family of Marvin Gaye win a record $7.3 million lawsuit for music copyright infringement against Robin Thicke, Pharrell Williams, and T.I.

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March 11th

March 11, 843 – Icon veneration officially re-instated in Hagia Sophia Cathedral in Constantinople

March 11, 1851 – Giuseppe Verdi’s opera, Rigoletto, receives its premiere. Rigoletto is one of the most popular operas of all time. The piece was premiered at the Teatro La Fenice in Venice, Italy.

March 11, 1861 – The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.

March 11, 1918 – The ‘Spanish’ influenza first reached America as 107 soldiers become sick at Fort Riley, Kansas. One quarter of the U.S. population eventually became ill from the deadly virus, resulting in 500,000 deaths. The death toll worldwide approached 22 million by the end of 1920.

March 11, 1927 – The Roxy Theatre opens in New York City

March 11, 1941 – During World War II, the Lend-Lease program began allowing Britain to receive American weapons, machines, raw materials, training and repair services. Ships, planes, guns and shells, along with food, clothing and metals went to the embattled British while American warships began patrolling the North Atlantic and U.S troops were stationed in Greenland and Iceland. “We must be the great arsenal of democracy,” President Roosevelt declared concerning the fight against Hitler’s Germany. The initial appropriation was $7 Billion, but by 1946 the figure reached $50 Billion in aid from the U.S. to its Allies.

March 11, 1955 – Alexander Fleming (Scottish scientist, Nobel Prize laureate)dies

March 11, 1957 – Charles Van Doren finally loses on US TV game show “Twenty-One” after winning $129,000 – later revealed to be fixed

March 11, 1993 – Janet Reno becomes the first female Attorney General of the United States.

March 11, 2004 – 191 people die as several bombs explode on Madrid commuter trains. The bombings were conducted by an Islamist terrorist cell and came 3 days before Spain’s general elections.

March 11, 2011 –  9.0 magnitude earthquake strikes 130 km (80 miles) east of Sendai, Japan, triggering a tsunami killing thousands of people and causing the second worst nuclear accident in history at Fukushima nuclear plant

March 11, 2020 –  COVID-19 declared a pandemic by the head of the World Health Organization Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, after 121,564 cases worldwide and 4,373 deaths

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March 12th

March 12, 515 –  BC – Construction is completed on the Temple in Jerusalem.

March 12,1455 First record of Johannes Gutenberg’s Bible, letter dated this day by Enea Silvio Piccolomini refers to the bible printed a year before

March 12, 1609 – The island of Bermuda was colonized by the British after a ship on its way to Virginia was wrecked on the reefs.

March 12, 1888 – The Great Blizzard of ’88 struck the northeastern U.S. The storm lasted 36 hours with snowfall totaling over 40 inches in New York City where over 400 persons died from the surprise storm.

March 12,1894 – Coca-Cola is sold in bottles for the first time

March 12, 1912 – The Girl Scouts are founded in the US.

March 12, 1913 – Canberra becomes the capital of Australia.

March 12, 1914 – George Westinghouse (American engineer, inventor) dies

March 12, 1918 – Moscow becomes Russia’s capital city. St. Petersburg lost its status as the Russian capital following the Revolution of 1917, which dismantled the Tsarist autocracy.

March 12, 1930 –  Mahatma Gandhi begins his famous 200 mile (300km) protest march against the widely hated British salt tax

March 12, 1933 – FDR holds his first fireside “chat.”

March 12, 1947 – The Truman Doctrine is proclaimed.

March 12, 1951 – The first Dennis the Menace comic strip appears.

March 12, 1955 – Charlie Parker (American saxophonist, composer)dies

March 12, 1994 – The Church of England ordained 32 women as its first female priests. In protest, 700 male clergy members and thousands of church members left the church and joined the Roman Catholic Church which does not allow women priests.

March 12, 1999 – Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic became full-fledged members of NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) less than ten years after exchanging communist rule for democracy and ending their Cold War military alliances with Soviet Russia.

March 12, 2020 –  NHL announces the pausing of the 2019-20 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic

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March 13th

March 13, 1639 – Harvard College was named for clergyman John Harvard.

March 13, 1781 –  William Herschel sees what he thinks is a “comet” but is actually the discovery of the planet Uranus

March 13, 1877 –  American Chester Greenwood patents earmuffs after inventing them at age 15

March 13, 1879 – Adolf Anderssen (German chess player)dies

March 13, 1881 – Alexander II of Russia dies

March 13, 1884 – Siege of Khartoum, Sudan begins by Mahdist forces, lasts 10 months

March 13, 1894 –  J. L. Johnstone of England invents horse racing’s starting gate

March 13, 1901 – Benjamin Harrison (American politician, 23rd President of the United States)dies

March 13,1906 – Susan B. Anthony (American activist)dies

March 13, 1930 – Clyde Tombaugh announces discovery of Pluto at Lowell Observatory
2003 The journal Nature reports that 350,000-year-old footprints of an upright-walking human have been found in Italy

March 13, 1943 – A plot to kill Hitler by German army officers failed as a bomb planted aboard his plane failed to explode due to a faulty detonator.

March 13, 2013 – Pope Francis succeeds Pope Benedict XVI. Jorge Mario Bergoglio from Argentina became the 266th leader of the Catholic Church, which has 1.2 billion members around the world.

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March 14th

March 14, 1794 –  Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin machine revolutionizing the cotton industry in the southern US states [1]

March 14, 1883 – Karl Marx (German philosopher)dies

March 14, 1900 – Dutch botanist Hugo de Vries rediscovers Gregor Mendel’s laws of heredity and genetics

March 14, 1900 –  US currency goes on the gold standard after Congress passes the Currency Act

March 14, 1910 – The Lakeview Gusher causes the largest accidental oil spill in history. The spill lasted 18 months and 9 million barrels of crude oil were released.

March 14, 1923 – First-ever complete radio broadcast of a hockey game.

March 14, 1931 –  1st theater built for rear movie projection (NYC)

March 14, 1942 – For the first time in history, a dying patient’s life is saved by penicillin. Although some claim that the pioneering trials at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford, England resulted in the first cures using penicillin, Orvan Hess and John Bumstead are generally credited with the first documented successful treatment.

March 14, 1998 – The earliest known official or large-scale celebration of Pi Day was organized by Larry Shaw at the San Francisco Exploratorium, where Shaw worked as a physicist, with staff and public marching around one of its circular spaces, then consuming fruit pies.

March 14, 2004 – Vladimir Putin is re-elected president of Russia

March 14, 2013 –  Xi Jinping named the new President of the People’s Republic of China

March 14, 2017 –  World’s oldest golf club Muirfield in Scotland, votes to admit women as members for 1st time in 273 years

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March 15th ( the ides of march)

March 15, 44 B.C. – Julius Caesar was assassinated in the Senate chamber in Rome by Brutus and fellow conspirators. After first trying to defend himself against the murderous onslaught, Caesar saw Brutus with a knife and asked “Et tu, Brute?” (You too, Brutus?) Caesar then gave up the struggle and was stabbed to death.

March 15,1493 –  Christopher Columbus returns to Spain after his first voyage to the New World

March 15, 1783 –  In an emotional speech in Newburgh, New York, George Washington asks his officers not to support the Newburgh Conspiracy, preventing the threatened Coup d’état

March 15,1869 –  With 10 salaried players, Cincinnati Red Stockings become baseball’s first professional team

March 15, 1917 –  The last Russian Tsar Nicholas II, abdicates and nominates his brother Grand Duke Michael to succeed him 

March 15, 1937 – H .P. Lovecraft (American writer)dies

March 15,1945 –  Billboard publishes its 1st album chart (King Cole Trio is #1)

March 15, 1956 – The Broadway musical My Fair Lady opens in New York City.

March 15, 1962 –  Five research groups announce the discovery of anti-matter

March 15, 1972 – Francis Ford Coppola’s The Godfather is premiered. The gangster movie based on Mario Puzo’s novel is one of the most popular films of all time.

March 15, 1985 – The world’s first Internet domain name is registered. symbolics.com was registered by the Symbolics Computer Corporation of Massachusetts. There are over 1 billion domains today.

March 15, 1998 – Titanic becomes the #1 box office movie ever.

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March 16th

March 16,37 – Tiberius (Roman emperor)dies

March 16, 597 – BC Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king

March 16, 1521 – Ferdinand Magellan reaches the Philippines.

March 16, 1660 –  English Long Parliament disbands

March 16, 1792 –  King Gustav III of Sweden is shot by Count Jacob Johan Anckarström at a masked ball at the Opera; he dies on March 29

March 16, 1802 – West Point, the US Military Academy, is established.

March 16, 1850 – The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is published.

March 16, 1867 –  First publication of an article by Joseph Lister outlining the discovery of antiseptic surgery, in “The Lancet”

March 16, 1872 – The Wanderers F.C. won the first FA Cup, the oldest football competition in the world.

March 16, 1926 – Robert Goddard launches the first liquid-fueled rocket.

March 16, 1935 –  Adolf Hitler orders German rearmament in violation of The Treaty of Versailles

March 16, 1960 – Alfred Hitchcock’s movie Psycho is premiered. The film starring Anthony Perkins and Janet Leigh is an all-time classic of the suspense movie genre.

March 16, 1968 – New York Senator Robert Kennedy announced his intention to run for the Democratic presidential nomination.

March 16, 1968 – During the Vietnam War, the My Lai Massacre occurred as American soldiers of Charlie Company murdered 504 Vietnamese men, women, and children. Twenty-five U.S. Army officers were later charged with complicity in the massacre and subsequent cover-up, but only one was convicted, and later pardoned by President Richard Nixon.

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March 17th

March 17th – Celebrated as Saint Patrick’s Day commemorating the patron saint of Ireland.

March 17, 432 –  Saint Patrick, aged about 16 is captured by Irish pirates from his home in Great Britain and taken as a slave to Ireland (traditional date)

March 17, 460 – Saint Patrick (Irish missionary, bishop)dies

March 17, 1756 – St. Patrick’s Day first celebrated in New York.

March 17, 1776 – Early in the American Revolutionary War the British completed their evacuation of Boston following a successful siege conducted by Patriots. The event is still commemorated in Boston as Evacuation Day.

March 17,1845 – The rubber band is invented.

March 17, 1905 –  Albert Einstein finishes his scientific paper detailing his Quantum Theory of Light, one of the foundations of modern physics

March 17, 1908 –  Canadian champion Tommy Burns KOs Irish challenger Jem Roche in 1:28s of the 1st round at the Theatre Royal, Dublin; then quickest world heavyweight boxing title fight

March 17, 1941 – The National Gallery of Art opens in Washington. D.C.. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt opened the gallery, which today houses one of the world’s finest art collections.

March 17, 1942 –  Bełżec Concentration Camp opens with the transport of 30,000 Lublin Polish Jews

March 17, 1956 – Fred Allen (American comedian, actor, radio host)dies

March 17, 1959 – The Dalai Lama flees Tibet for India. Followers and advisers of Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, feared for his life after a revolt had erupted in Lhasa against the Chinese.

March 17, 1968 –  Bee Gees make their US TV debut on “The Ed Sullivan Show” performing “To Love Somebody” and “Words”

March 17, 1969 – Golda Meir becomes Prime Minister of Israel.

March 17, 1973 – The photograph known as Burst of joy is taken. Photographer Slava Veder was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for the image depicting a former U.S. prisoner of war being reunited with his family.

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March 18th

March 18, 1850 – American Express is founded.

March 18, 1892 – Lord Stanley of Preston pledges to donate a challenge cup for the best ice hockey team in Canada. Today, the Stanley Cup is the world’s most prestigious ice hockey trophy.

March 18, 1902 –  Italian operatic tenor Enrico Caruso becomes 1st well-known performer to make a record

March 18, 1909 – First ham radio broadcast.

March 18, 1922 –  British magistrates in India sentence Mahatma Gandhi to six years imprisonment for disobedience

March 18, 1962 – The Évian Accords are signed, ending the Algerian War. Algeria gained its independence from France as a consequence.

March 18, 1965 –  Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov leaves his spacecraft Voskhod 2 for 12 minutes and becomes the first person to conduct a spacewalk

March 18, 1971 – A 100 feet (30 meter) high wave destroys a Peruvian mining camp and kills hundreds of people. The tsunami was caused by a massive rock avalanche that crashed into Lake Yanahuani from a height of 1300 feet (400 meters).

March 18, 1974 – The five-month-old Arab oil embargo against the U.S. was lifted. The embargo was in retaliation for American support of Israel during the Yom Kipper War of 1973 in which Egypt and Syria suffered a crushing defeat. In the U.S., the resulting embargo had caused long lines at gas stations as prices soared 300 percent amid shortages and a government ban on Sunday gas sales.

March 18, 1985 –  Capital Cities Communications Inc acquires ABC for $3.5 billion, first transfer of ownership of a TV network

March 18, 1990 –  In the largest art heist in US history, 13 works of art worth over $500 million are stolen from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston

March 18, 1992 – Microsoft ships Windows 3.1.

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March 19th

March 19, 1644 –  200 members of Peking imperial family and court commit suicide in loyalty to the Emperor

March 19, 1895 – The Lumière brothers record their first footage. Sortie des Usines Lumière à Lyon showed workers leaving their factory in Lyon. The film is about 50 seconds long. Auguste and Louis Lumière were the earliest filmmakers in history.

March 19, 1911 – The first International Women’s Day is observed by over 1 million people in several European countries. German socialists Clara Zetkin and Luise Zietz initiated the observance, which has become an annual global event.

March 19, 1918 – Time zones are established in the US.

March 19, 1920 –  US Senate rejects the Treaty of Versailles for the second time, refusing to ratify the League of Nations’ covenant and maintains a policy of isolation

March 19, 1932 –  The Sydney Harbour Bridge is opened in Sydney, Australia

March 19, 1939 – Lloyd L. Gaines (American activist)dies

March 19, 1945 – Adolf Hitler orders the destruction of all industries in Germany. The Nero Decree was issued in the light of Germany’s imminent defeat in World War II. It was never fully executed.

March 19, 1953 – Academy Awards are first televised.

March 19, 1954 – Willie Mosconi sets the world record for running most consecutive Pool balls without a miss. Mr. Pocket Billiards, as the hugely successful American sportsman was often called, ran 526 consecutive balls.

March 19, 1962 – Bob Dylan releases his first album. Dylan is one of the world’s most influential music artists. His songs “Blowin’ in the Wind” and “The Times They Are a-Changin’” became anthems for the anti-war movement.

March 19, 1972 – India and Bangladesh sign a friendship treaty.

March 19,1991 NFL owners strip Phoenix of the 1993 Super Bowl game due to Arizona not recognizing federal holiday Martin Luther King Jr. Day

March 19, 2003 – The United States launched an attack against Iraq to topple dictator Saddam Hussein from power. The attack commenced with aerial strikes against military sites, followed the next day by an invasion of southern Iraq by U.S. and British ground troops. The troops made rapid progress northward and conquered the country’s capital, Baghdad, just 21 days later, ending the rule of Saddam.

March 19, 2005 – John DeLorean (American engineer, businessman, founded the DeLorean Motor Company)dies

March 19, 2008 – Arthur C. Clarke (English author)dies

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March 20th

March 20,1602 –  United Dutch East Indian Company (VOC) forms granted a monopoly in all Dutch sea-borne trade with Asia

March 20,1726 – Isaac Newton (English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, philosopher, theologian)dies

March 20,1800 –  Alessandro Volta reports his discovery of the electric battery in a letter to Joseph Banks, president of the Royal Society of London

March 20, 1815 –  Napoléon Bonaparte enters Paris after his escape from Elba, begins 100-day rule

March 20, 1852 – Harriet Beecher Stowe publishes her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin. The anti-slavery story played an important role in setting the scene for the American Civil War.

March 20, 1854 –  Republican Party formally organized in Ripon, Wisconsin

March 20, 1900 –  US Secretary of State John Hay announces that all nations to whom he sent notes calling for an ‘open door’ policy in China have essentially accepted his stand

March 20, 1916 – Albert Einstein publishes his theory of relativity.

March 20, 1933 –  Dachau the first Nazi concentration camp, is completed

March 20, 1952 –  24th Academy Awards: “An American in Paris”, Humphrey Bogart and Vivien Leigh win

March 20, 1969 – John Lennon and Yoko Ono get married.

March 20, 1985 – The first woman wins the 1,135-mile Iditarod dog sled race.

March 20, 1995 – A nerve gas attack occurred on the Tokyo subway system during rush hour resulting in 12 persons killed and 5,000 injured. Japanese authorities later arrest the leader and members of a Japanese religious cult suspected in the attack.

March 20, 2016 –  Barack Obama becomes the first US President to visit Cuba since 1928, arriving for a three-day tour with First Lady Michelle

March 20, 2024 –  New rule limiting tailpipe pollution, aimed at greatly expanding electric vehicles in the US is announced by President Joe Biden

March 20, 2024 –  Vaughan Gething confirmed as Welsh new first minister and the first black leader of a national government in Europe

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March 21st

March 21, 1349 –  Black Death Massacre: Between 100 and 3,000 Jews are killed in Black Death riots in Erfurt, Germany; part of a wave of pogroms across Western Europe

March 21, 1804 –  Napoleonic Code adopted in France, stresses clearly written and accessible law

March 21, 1788 – Great fire of New Orleans, Louisiana begins

March 21, 1843 – Guadalupe Victoria (Mexican politician, 1st President of Mexico)dies

March 21, 1857 – 100,000 people die in earthquake in Tokyo, Japan.

March 21, 1871 –  Journalist Henry Morton Stanley begins his famous expedition to Africa

March 21, 1943 – A suicide/assassination plot by German Army officers against Hitler failed as the conspirators were unable to locate a short fuse for the bomb which was to be carried in the coat pocket of General von Gersdorff to ceremonies Hitler was attending.

March 21, 1952 – The world’s first rock and roll concert is held in Cleveland, Ohio. DJ Alan Freed presented the concert, which was closed down after only one song because of over-crowding.

March 21,1961 –  The Beatles’ first appearance at the Cavern Club in Liverpool

March 21, 1970 – Earth Day is celebrated for the first time. The first edition was limited to some cities in the United States. Today, Earth Day is observed by about 1 billion people around the world.

March 21, 1975 –  Ethiopia abolishes its monarchy after 3,000 years

March 21, 1980 – J.R. Ewing is shot on Dallas leading to the catchphrase “Who Shot JR?”

March 21, 1984 –  NFL owners passed the infamous anti-celebrating rule

March 21, 1985 – South African Police kill at least 21 black people commemorating a similar mass shooting 25 years before. The Sharpeville massacre in 1985 had left 69 unarmed people dead. It was a turning-point in the history of South Africa.

March 21, 1999 – 1st circumnavigation of the earth by a hot air balloon.

March 21, 2006 – Jack Dorsey sends the world’s first Twitter message, or tweet. The microblogging service revolutionized the communication and social networking landscape. In 2012, about 340 million tweets were posted per day.

March 21, 2014 –  Russia formally annexes Crimea amid international condemnation

March 21, 2024 –  Elon Musk’s Neuralink company posts a video of a patient playing chess online through their brain implant

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March 22nd

March 22, 1622 –  First American Indian (Powhatan) massacre of Europeans around Jamestown, Virginia, 347 killed

March 22, 1765 –  Stamp Act passed; 1st direct British tax on American colonists, organized by Prime Minister George Grenville

March 22, 1832 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (German writer, scientist)dies

March 22, 1832 –  British Parliament, led by Charles Grey, passes the Reform Act, introducing wide-ranging changes to electoral system of England and Wales, increasing electorate from about 500,000 voters to 813,000

March 22, 1894 – First playoff game for Hockey’s Stanley Cup.

March 22, 1945 – The Arab League is founded. The organization was founded to promote political, economic, and cultural collaboration amongst its member states, which include 21 African, Asian, and Middle Eastern countries, from Mauritania in the west to Oman in the east.

March 22, 1954 –  Northland Center, the world’s largest shopping mall at the time, opens in Oakpark, Michigan

March 22, 1960 – The laser is invented.

March 22, 1963 –  The Beatles release their 1st album, “Please Please Me”

March 22, 1965 –  US confirms its troops used chemical warfare against the Vietcong

March 22, 1972 – The Equal Rights Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was passed by the U.S. Senate and then sent to the states for ratification. The ERA, as it became known, prohibited discrimination on the basis of gender, stating, “Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex,” and that “the Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.” Although 22 of the required 38 states quickly ratified the Amendment, opposition arose over concerns that women would be subject to the draft and combat duty, along with other legal concerns. The ERA eventually failed (by 3 states) to achieve ratification despite an extension of the deadline to June 1982.

March 22, 1993 – Intel ships the first Pentium chips.

March 22, 1995 – Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov returns after setting a record for 438 days in space.

March 22, 1997 – Tara Lipinski becomes the youngest female figure skating world champion. The American athlete won the 1997 World Figure Skating Championships in Lausanne, Switzerland at the age of 14 years and 10 months.

March 22, 2001 – William Hanna (American animator, director, producer, actor, co-founded Hanna-Barbera)dies

March 22, 2009 – Jade Goody (English nurse, author)dies

March 22, 2018 –  US President Donald Trump imposes $60 billion worth of tariffs on Chinese imports

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March 23rd

March 23, 1490 –  First dated edition of Maimonides “Mishneh Torah”, a code of Jewish religious law is published

March 23, 1775 – Patrick Henry ignited the American Revolution with a speech before the Virginia convention in Richmond, stating, “I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!”

March 23, 1806 – Explorers Lewis and Clark begin their journey home from the Pacific Ocean.

March 23, 1857 – First elevator is installed. Elisha Otis installs the elevator in New York City.

March 23, 1888 – The Football League meets for the first time. The league featuring teams from England and Wales was the world’s oldest Association Football league. In 1992, its top 22 teams formed the Premier League.

March 23, 1903 – The Wright Brothers apply for a patent for the airplane.

March 23, 1919 – 8th Congress of the Russian Communist Party re-establishes a five-member Politburo which becomes the center of political power in the Soviet Union. Original members Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky, Joseph Stalin, Lev Kamenev and Nikolai Krestinsky.
March 23, 1933 –  German Reichstag hastily passes the Enabling Act and President Paul von Hindenburg signs it the same day, granting Adolf Hitler dictatorial powers over Germany.

March 23, 1945 –  Battle of Okinawa: US Navy ships bomb the Japanese island of Okinawa in preparation for the Allied invasion; it would become the largest battle of the Pacific War in World War II

March 23, 1956 – Pakistan becomes the world’s first Islamic republic. The Dominion of Pakistan also included the area of modern-day Bangladesh or East Pakistan, which seceded in 1971.

March 23, 2011 – Elizabeth Taylor (English/American actress)dies
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March 24th

March 24, 1603 – Elizabeth I of England dies

March 24, 1603 –  Scottish King James VI son of Mary Queen of Scots, becomes King James I of England in succession to Elizabeth I, thus joining the English and Scottish crowns

March 24, 1837 –  Canada gives its black citizens the right to vote

March 24, 1882 –  German scientist Robert Koch discovers and describes the tubercle bacillus which causes tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), and establishes germ theory. He is regarded as the father of modern bacteriology, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1905.

March 24, 1896 – Aleksander Popov achieves the world’s first radio transmission. The Russian physicist transmitted the words “Heinrich Hertz” from one building of St. Petersburg University to another.
1923 – Greece becomes a republic.

March 24, 1882 – Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (American poet)dies

March 24, 1905 – Jules Verne (French author)dies

March 24, 1934 – The Philippine Islands in the South Pacific were granted independence by President Franklin D. Roosevelt after nearly 50 years of American control.

March 24, 1965 – Millions watch NASA spacecraft Ranger 9 crash into the Moon. The U.S. space probe broadcast live pictures back to Earth, enabling TV viewers to follow its approach to the Moon and its controlled crash.
1968 – The Metropolitan Life Insurance Company is formed.

March 24, 1989 – One of the largest oil spills in U.S. history occurred as the oil tanker Exxon Valdez ran aground in Prince William Sound off Alaska, resulting in 11 million gallons of oil leaking into the natural habitat over a stretch of 45 miles.

March 24, 2018 –  Australian batsman Cameron Bancroft is caught on camera rubbing match ball with an object during 3rd Cricket Test in Cape Town, resulting in an infamous ball tampering scandal

March 24, 1999 – For the first time in its history, NATO attacks a sovereign country. The military alliance bombed Yugoslavia during the Kosovo War – without a UN mandate.
2005 – The PlayStation portable is released

March 24, 2020 – China’s Hubei province, the original center of the COVID-19 outbreak eases restrictions on travel after a nearly two-month lockdown
2020 Indian PM Narendra Modi orders a 21 day lockdown for world’s second most populous country of 1.3 billion people to deal with COVID-19

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March 25th

March 24, 31 –  The first Easter, according to calendar-maker Dionysius Exiguus

March 24, 1409 – The council of Pisa opens.

March 24, 1634 – First settlers arrive in Maryland.

March 24, 1655 – Titan, Saturn’s largest moon, is discovered.

March 25, 1807 – The British Parliament abolished the slave trade following a long campaign against it by Quakers and others.

March 24, 1895 – Italian troops invade Abyssinia (Ethiopia)

March 25, 1911 – A raging fire erupted inside a garment factory in New York City killing 123 young women employed as low-paid seamstresses, along with 23 men. The fast-spreading flames engulfed the 8th and 9th floors of the Triangle Shirtwaist Company in lower Manhattan in just a few minutes. About 50 of the victims had jumped to their deaths rather than perish from the flames. The sensational tragedy spurred national interest concerning the rights of mostly-immigrant women workers of the New York garment industry who labored long hours six or seven days a week in cramped, dangerous conditions for about $5 weekly pay.

March 24, 1918 – Claude Debussy (French composer) dies

March 24, 1931 – Ida B. Wells (American civil rights activist)dies

March 24, 1960 –  First guided missile launched from a nuclear powered submarine (USS Halibut)

March 24, 1988 – Thousands of people join the first peaceful demonstrations against the communist regime in Czechoslovakia. The Candle Demonstration was brutally dispersed by the Police but was the first step towards the Velvet Revolution that resulted in the establishment of democracy in the country.

March 24, 1995 – WikiWikiWeb, the world’s first wiki, is launched. Ward Cunningham introduced the wiki, or user-editable website. Today, Wikipedia is the world’s most well known and widely used wiki.

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March 26th

March 26, 1027 –  Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II Holy Roman Emperor, founder of the Salian dynasty

March 26, 1827 – Ludwig van Beethoven (German pianist, composer)dies

March 26, 1871 –  Municipal elections bring revolutionaries to power in Paris who form the short lived Paris Commune government

March 26, 1892 – Walt Whitman (American poet, author)dies

March 26, 1942 – First “Eichmann transport” to Auschwitz and Birkenau concentration camps

March 26, 1953 –  Dr. Jonas Salk announces that he has successfully tested a vaccine to prevent polio, clinical trials began the next year

March 26,1966 Large-scale anti-Vietnam War protests take place in the United States, including in New York, Washington, D.C. and Chicago

March 26, 1975 – The Biological Weapons Convention comes into effect. The treaty bans the development, production and stockpiling of biological and toxin weapons. It has now been ratified by most countries worldwide.

March 26, 1979 – Anwar al-Sadat, Menachem Begin and Jimmy Carter sign the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty in Washington, DC.

March 26, 1979 – The Camp David Accord ended 30 years of warfare between Israel and Egypt. Prime Minster Menachem Begin of Israel and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat signed the treaty of mutual recognition and peace, fostered by U.S. President Jimmy Carter.

March 26, 1992 – Soviet Cosmonaut Serge Krikalev returned to a new country (Russia) after spending 313 days on board the Mir Space Station. During his stay in space, the Soviet Union (USSR) collapsed and became the Commonwealth of Independent States.
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March 27th

March 27, 1513 –  Spaniard Juan Ponce de León and his expedition first sight Florida

March 27, 1625 –  Charles I, King of England, Scotland and Ireland ascends the English throne

March 27, 1794 – United States Navy founded.

March 27, 1871 – England and Scotland compete in the first international rugby match. Like association football, rugby is a British invention. Today, it is a popular sport mainly in large parts of the British Commonwealth

March 27, 1914 –  First successful non-direct blood transfusion is performed by Dr. Albert Hustin in Brussels

March 27, 1977 – The worst accident in the history of civil aviation occurred as two Boeing 747 jets collided on the ground in the Canary Islands, resulting in 570 deaths.

March 27, 1998 – Viagra is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Pfizer’s pill was the first drug against male impotence to be approved in the United States. In 2012, the company made 2 billion U.S. Dollars from Viagra alone.

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March 28th

March 28, 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders.

March 28, 1584 – Ivan the Terrible (Russian Tsar) dies

March 28, 1854 –  Great Britain and France declare war on Russia, expanding the Crimean War

March 28, 1910 –  First seaplane takes off from water under its own power, piloted by Henri Fabre from the Étang de Berre lagoon at Martigues, France
1939 Spanish Civil War ends, Madrid falls to the Nationalists headed by Francisco Franco

March 28, 1941 – Virginia Woolf (English author, critic)dies

March 28, 1943 – Sergei Rachmaninoff (Russian pianist, composer, conductor)dies

March 28, 1963 – Alfred Hitchcock’s movie “The Birds” is released. The film about a swarm of birds wreaking havoc in Bodega Bay, California has become a classic of the horror movie genre.

March 28, 1969 – Dwight D. Eisenhower (American general, politician, 34th President of the United States)dies

March 28, 1979 – Near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant accident occurred in which uranium in the reactor core overheated due to the failure of a cooling valve. A pressure relief valve then stuck causing the water level to plummet, threatening a catastrophic nuclear meltdown. The accident resulted in the release of radioactive steam into the atmosphere, and created a storm of controversy over the necessity and safety of nuclear power plants.

March 28, 1990 – President George H. W. Bush posthumously awards Jesse Owens the Congressional Gold Medal.

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March 29th

March 29, 1549 –  The city of Salvador da Bahia, the first capital of Brazil, is founded

March 29, 1795 –  Ludwig van Beethoven (24) has his debut performance as a pianist at the Burgtheater in Vienna, Austria

March 29, 1848 – An upstream ice jam stops almost all water flow over Niagara Falls.

March 29, 1912 – Robert Scott makes his final diary entry. Scott wrote: “We shall stick it out to the end, but we are getting weaker, of course, and the end cannot be far.” The British explorer and his companions died on an expedition to the South Pole.

March 29, 1971 – Charles Manson is sentenced to death in the gas chamber. The sentence was never carried out because the California Supreme Court abolished the death penalty in 1972. The infamous criminal who ordered several murders continues to serve a life sentence.

March 29, 1974 – Mariner 10 becomes the first spaceprobe to fly by Mercury.

March 29, 1979 – In the U.S. Congress, the House Select Committee on Assassinations released its final report regarding the killings of John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King, and Robert Kennedy.

March 29, 1999 –  The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes at 10,006.78 – above the 10,000 mark for the first time ever

March 29, 2004 – Ireland becomes the first country in the world to ban smoking in all work places, including bars and restaurants.

March 29, 2006 – Predicted total solar eclipse.
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March 30th

March 30, 240 –  BC 1st recorded perihelion passage of Halley’s Comet

March 30, 1842 – Anesthesia is used for the first time in an operation.

March 30, 1856 –  The Russian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, Great Britain, France and the Kingdom of Sardinia sign the Treaty of Paris ending the Crimean War

March 30, 1858 – Hyman Lipman patents a pencil with an attached eraser.

March 30, 1867 –  The United States buys Alaska from Russia for $7,200,000 (109 million in 2018 dollars), roughly 2 cents an acre

March 30, 1870 –  15th Amendment to the US constitution is adopted, guarantees right to vote regardless of race

March 30, 1912 – Karl May (German author)dies

March 30, 1925 – Rudolf Steiner (Austrian philosopher, educator)dies

March 30, 1959 –  Dalai Lama flees China and is granted political asylum in India

March 30, 1964 – Jeopardy! Game shows airs for the first time on TV

March 30, 1972 –  Northern Ireland’s Government and Parliament dissolved by the British Government and ‘direct rule’ from Westminster is introduced

March 30, 1981 – Newly elected President Ronald Reagan was shot in the chest while walking toward his limousine in Washington, D.C., following a speech inside a hotel. The president was then rushed into surgery to remove a 22-caliber bullet from his left lung. “I should have ducked,” Reagan joked. Three others were also hit including Reagan’s Press Secretary, James Brady, who was shot in the forehead but survived. The president soon recovered from the surgery and returned to his duties.

March 30,1984 – Karl Rahner (German theologian)dies

March 30, 1986 – James Cagney (American actor)dies

March 30, 1993 – In the comic strip Peanuts, Charlie Brown hits his first ever game-winning home run.

March 30, 2002 – Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother dies

March 30, 2023 –  Key figures in Artificial Intelligence including Elon Musk and Steve Wozniak sign open letter warning the race to develop AI systems is out of control, asking for suspension for at least six months [1] [2]

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March 31st

March 31, 1918 – Daylight Savings Time goes into effect in the USA for the first time.

March 31, 1930 – The Motion Pictures Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in film for the next 38 years

March 31, 1933 – The Civilian Conservation Corps, the CCC, was founded. Unemployed men and youths were organized into quasi-military formations and worked outdoors in national parks and forests.

March 31, 1968 – President Lyndon Johnson made a surprise announcement that he would not seek re-election as a result of the Vietnam conflict.

March 31, 1985 – The first edition of WrestleMania is held in New York. The annual event is the world’s most important wrestling meet. It is the biggest event organized by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE).

March 31, 1889 – Eiffel Tower officially opens, for dignitaries and an award ceremony, in Paris, France; designed by Gustave Eiffel and built for the Exposition Universelle, at 300m high it retains the record for the tallest man made structure for 41 years
March 31, 1920 –  British parliament accepts Irish Home Rule law

March 31, 1991 – The Soviet Republic of Georgia, birthplace of Josef Stalin, voted to declare its independence from Soviet Russia, after similar votes by Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia. Following the vote in Georgia, Russian troops were dispatched from Moscow under a state of emergency.

March 31, 1992 – The television news program Dateline NBC premieres.

March 31, 1993 – Actor Brandon Lee is accidentally killed during the filming of The Crow.

March 31, 1999 – The film The Matrix is released. The science fiction story about the adventures of computer programmer, Neo, was not only a commercial success but also left a lasting impression on action film-making through its creative use of slow-motion and spinning cameras.